What flower lovers are most worried about when they grow flowers at home is the occurrence of diseases and insect pests on flowers, which seriously affects the normal growth of flowers. So, what diseases and insect pests are flowers prone to? How to prevent and control flower diseases and insect pests? Let's take a look!

Common diseases that flowers are prone to and their prevention and control methods

1. Late spring cold

This is a non-infectious disease that mainly occurs in parts of the south of the Yangtze River and between the Yangtze River and the Huai River. By the end of March, the daytime temperature has reached above 20°C, and many people are eager to move their potted ornamental plants outdoors for conditioning and maintenance. However, at this time, cold air often moves south, and reversal weather of "late spring cold" occurs. The temperature in the early morning often drops below 4°C, causing the new shoots and tender leaves of some flowers originating from the tropics to be "frozen".

Common ones such as white orchid, Milan, jasmine, Clivia, Defen leaf, Syngonium, Fuchsia, Arrowroot, Anthurium, Poinsettia, etc. will seriously affect the normal growth in the spring of that year.

Prevention and control methods: Keep abreast of the weather forecast of local meteorological stations. If you encounter special weather conditions such as "late spring cold", you can move a small number of potted plants that have been moved outdoors back to the greenhouse or indoors; if there are many potted plants moved outdoors, you can gather them together and cover them with a double layer of plastic film. In the Yangtze River Basin and areas north of it, you generally have to wait until after the Qingming Festival or the "final frost period" before moving them outdoors. You can open doors and windows, add electric fans and other measures to cool down, and close the doors and windows at night to allow them to gradually adapt to the outdoor environment.

2. Powdery mildew

It mainly harms ornamental plants such as roses, crape myrtles, Mahonia, boxwood, and Polygonum japonicum. It mainly harms leaves, petioles, pedicels, flower buds, and tender shoots. The affected parts are covered with a layer of white powder. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow, the tender leaves curl, shrink, and become thick, the flower buds die, deformed flowers appear, and the tender shoots bend and shorten.

Prevention and control methods: Sulfur powder fumigation. In March, an electric fumigator with built-in sulfur powder is used in the greenhouse for sealed fumigation, which has a good prevention and control effect.

3. Anthrax

It mainly harms camellia, sasanqua, yemen iron, hydrangea, clivia, dieffenbachia, orchid, spider egg, epiphyllum, rubber tree, cyclamen, etc. in greenhouses. It mainly harms leaves, tender shoots, and fruits. The lesions are nearly circular and gray-brown. In the later stage, the lesions turn gray-white with obvious concentric rings and whorled (or scattered) small black spots.

Prevention and control methods: Increase the density of flower pots and the spacing of plants and rows to improve ventilation. Water the pots when the soil is dry to increase the resistance of the plants. In the early stage of the disease, use 500 times of 80% anthracnose fumei wettable powder or 800 times of 50% multisulfur suspension, spray alternately, once every 10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

4. Botrytis cinerea

As the temperature rises, excessive humidity and poor ventilation will continue to cause gray mold to be one of the main diseases of indoor flowers, harming potted flowers such as gerbera, rubber trees, cineraria, cyclamen, poinsettia, geranium, begonia, pothos, iris, hibiscus, anthurium, etc., especially the leaves and petals.

Prevention and control methods: After March, ventilation and light transmission should be strengthened, indoor air humidity should be reduced, and it is forbidden to spray water on the leaves in the evening to prevent moisture from staying on the leaves for a long time.

For plants in the early stage of the disease, use 500 times diluted 65% mancozeb wettable powder or 1000 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder around noon, spray alternately once every 10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

5. Coal pollution disease

In March, due to poor indoor ventilation and high humidity, piercing-sucking pests such as scale insects, aphids, and whiteflies cannot be completely eliminated. Sooty mold disease will still occur on the leaves, flowers, and fruits of plants such as citrus, Milan, hibiscus, white orchid, Michelia, fishtail palm, banyan, camellia, bamboo palm, azalea, gardenia, holly, and camellia.

Prevention and control methods: Strengthen indoor ventilation and kill aphids, scale insects, whiteflies and other insect vectors that cause sooty mold in a timely manner. If a small number of leaves on individual plants are infected with sooty mold, you can use a damp cloth dipped in low-concentration laundry detergent to wipe off the sooty layer. In the early stage of the disease, you can use 500 times diluted 50% methyl sulfide suspension or 500 times diluted 75% chlorothion wettable powder to spray the branches and leaves of the infected plants once every 15 days for 2-3 times.

Common pests that are easy to get and their control methods

1. Flour scale insects

Scale insects are small, white, fuzzy parasites that invade the vascular system of plants to suck sap from them. They usually hide in or around the axils of leaves and can often be found on the underside of leaves. Some even hide in the roots of plants.

Additionally, mealybugs often lay their eggs in their hiding places (areas that look like clumps of white cotton).

Prevention and control methods: Keep the environment ventilated. If the ventilation is poor, the plants are prone to scale insects. Scale insects are difficult to remove. In the early stage of infection, you can manually remove the insects by wiping them with alcohol or vinegar, and then rinse them with water. In severe cases, you can spray "Jiebizhi" to kill insects. Spray once a week, and spray three times in a row to eliminate them.

2. Aleyrodidae

Whiteflies are relatively common pests. They look like miniature white moths and can fly. Whiteflies (especially larvae) usually hide on the back of leaves, and their adults also choose to lay eggs on the back of leaves.

Prevention and control methods: Try to improve the ventilation of the plant environment, avoid too dense plants, and avoid too much humidity in the pot soil. In the early stage of insect infestation, remove the diseased parts and spray the whole plant with diluted acetamiprid. When the insect infestation is serious, place a sticky insect board next to the plant and shake the branches to stick the insects, and then spray the diluted acetamiprid.

3. Aphids

Aphids usually like to focus their attacks on newly grown leaves, buds or flower buds.

Prevention and control methods: When aphids are found, you can directly spray the flower protector to kill insects. Adult aphids like yellow, so you can use yellow sticky boards or water trays to lure and kill them. Pay attention to improving the environment, maintaining good ventilation, and paying attention to light.

4. Scale insects

Scale insects are small, flat, brown, hard-shelled insects that like to cling to stems hiding under leaves.

Prevention and control methods: In the early stage of scale insects, you can use a toothpick to manually remove the insects and spray "Jiebizhi" once. In severe cases, you need to spray Jiebizhi once a week for 3 consecutive times. At ordinary times, you should pay attention to the ventilation of the plants.

5. Red spider

Red spider mites are a common pest. When small spots are found on the underside of leaves and in the strips between stems and leaves, it is likely that the plant is infected with red spider mites.

Prevention and control methods: In the early stage, you can cut off the pest parts and burn them, and use pesticides for prevention and control, and rotate two or three pesticides. The recommended suitable pesticide is benzimidazole emulsifiable concentrate, which can effectively kill the larvae and adults of red spider mites. You can also use citrus peels, cut them into thin strips or small pieces, add about 10 times the amount of clean water, soak for more than 4 hours, and spray the whole plant for effective prevention and control.

6. Little Black Fly

The black fly is a very annoying insect, it is very small, black and has transparent wings. It likes to crawl on the soil, and its eggs and larvae are also hidden in the soil.

Prevention and control methods: Keeping the pot soil dry can effectively prevent black flies. When black flies are found, you can directly dilute the flower protector and irrigate the roots, making sure the soil is completely irrigated, and spray it on the entire plant.

7. Thrips

The body is tiny and slender, and appears white, light yellow, brown, dark brown or black to the naked eye. It likes to live in hidden places, such as under the hairs on the back of leaves, inside flower organs or inside fruit calyx.

Prevention and control measures: You can use 1500 times diluted 80% DDT emulsion to spray and kill (be careful to spray on the back of the leaves).

The above is the information introduced by the agricultural supplies editor about what diseases and pests flowers are prone to and how to prevent and control flower diseases and pests. If you want to know more about planting techniques, you can follow: WeChat account: huobao3456tv to learn more. After following, you can also leave a message to reply to the plant protection information you want to know.