Planting trees requires a good sense of space, and by planting trees the skeleton of the entire site is created.

In addition, different planting methods are adopted according to different requirements. Generally, V, inverted V, W, M, C and five-pancake shapes . All the fine and specially selected seedlings are planted alone, symmetrically or in arrays .

▌V-shaped planting diagram

Positioning tips : First determine the first tree in the main line of sight, then the one near the main view, and finally the one far away. The angle can be appropriately opened in parallel according to the slope type to avoid the appearance of right angles and equilateral sides. A short and fat plant should be selected in front of the main view (the red dotted line is the forest edge line for reference).

▌C-shaped planting diagram

Positioning tips : Take the highest point of the slope as the center of the circle, select the first tree on the main viewing line, and use the distance between the center of the circle and this point as the radius to make a circle basically parallel to the outer arc of the terrain. Select the appropriate second and third points on the arc (the red dotted line is the reference line of the forest edge).

▌Single skeleton mixed with two Qiao planting diagram

Positioning skills : Plant a skeleton tree at the highest point of the slope. The size of the tree should be significantly larger than the other two trees. Then, based on the actual situation, adopt a V-shaped or C-shaped shape around the tree to match the two trees.

Advantages : The mixed-match technique makes up for the shortcomings of V- and C-shaped plantings, giving people a clear center of gravity and a full skyline, reducing the number of large tree seedlings and the overall cost, which is in line with the development trend of landscaping with small and medium-sized trees as the main focus.

Disadvantages: The size, momentum and age of the group are not as good as those of the V and C groups.

▌Inverted V-shaped planting diagram

Positioning tips: Select the highest point of the slope from the main viewing angle (not necessarily the highest point of the slope) as the center point of the W (or inverted V), and the W trend should be consistent with the outer arc. The center point should be the largest tree, and the height and crown width of this tree should also be the largest.

Advantages: The framework is full and imposing, with a strong sense of hierarchy, no major visual weaknesses, and a relatively stable center of gravity. The skyline is umbrella-shaped, naturally beautiful, and the time and space span of the group is large, which easily forms a beautiful and heavy landscape quality.

Disadvantages: The concave area needs to be filled with large shrubs and orchids, there are many planting layers, it takes a long time, it is easy to have repeated landscapes, and the cost is high.

▌M-shaped double slope planting diagram

Positioning tips: Choose the highest point of the two slopes as the starting point. When the size difference between the two slopes is large, the principle of 4:6 can be adopted, and the middle transition position is offset towards the large slope. The same applies when the height difference is large. If the small slope is higher than the large slope and the size difference is obvious, the large slope is used as a reference principle. There should be some flexibility in choosing the size of the tree. The smallest tree should be selected for the middle transition, and the rest are usually planted according to the principle of low near and high far from the main perspective.

Advantages: The plants in the same group have a natural transition and are easy to plant. This increases the connection between the two slopes, breaks through the space limitations of a single slope group, reduces the aesthetic fatigue caused by single slope landscaping, and creates diversity in landscape effects.

▌M-shaped single slope planting diagram

Positioning techniques: The largest tree should be selected for the middle high point, and the middle is left empty to retain the grass. Therefore, two trees are arranged on the outer sides at the big and small ends of the ground cover line (the larger red circle position in the figure). It can be seen here that the M-type double-slope planting is an application of the M-type single-slope planting in greater depth and breadth.

Advantages: It has a greater sense of depth in the Z-axis space, and the comfortable sofa shape is easily accepted by viewers visually and psychologically, creating a relaxing and empty environment. In this way, it can meet the skeleton support required for landscaping on all four sides, which is very suitable for the terrain surrounded by a three-way intersection.

Disadvantages: Fixed point requires mature construction experience and understanding of spatial layout, and the forest understory and ground cover lines must be considered in advance. If experience and control ability are insufficient, you can first make the ground cover line and reversely locate the skeleton. The red circle area needs to be supplemented by large shrubs or two trees, with multiple planting layers, time-consuming, and easy to repeat.

Case Demonstration

The picture shows a single-frame mixed with two Qiao planting methods.

You can also choose a three-skeleton inverted V-shaped planting method

V-shaped case demonstration

The red circle is the junction of two main sight lines, the yellow dotted line is the direction of the tourist's sight, and the red dotted line is the distance between the forest edge and the road. The scattered trees and the group behind them should maintain a good spatial distance, and they should be independent of each other and have clear boundaries.

❶ The planting method is similar to that of trees, but the arrangement of flowering shrubs is mainly in groups, and tower-shaped and short and fat plants are often used in the middle waistline to transition. The overall requirement is to achieve simplicity and neatness.

❷ The treatment of arc protrusions is generally along the arc, dense planting, closed sight, focusing on layers, colors, and leaf shapesAnd the combination of tree species.

❸ Fully profitableUse plants to decorate rock formations, tree trunks, corners, and sharp edges of walls.

❹ When there is no reference, you can first plant a large ball as a stone reference for positioning. The position should be chosen on the main viewing line so that the landscape highlights the highlights or weaknesses.

Case Demonstration

One big and three small

Fully profitableUse plants to decorate rock formations, tree trunks, corners, and sharp edges of walls.

Error case display

Failure to clean the edge mortar in time

There is no obstruction at the corner, the view is empty, and there is a lack of layering.

At some node positions, choose to use plants with high ornamental value separately to break the limitations of group lines and frames and form a new effect, but the separation between the group (yellow line) and the solitary plant (red circle) should be clearer.

The relationship between the location of solitary or scattered trees and the larger group

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Each group should vary in form, volume, height, and size, with different expression focuses, focusing on integration with the terrain and following the trend. Plant large groups on large terrains and plant high groups on high terrains to fully express the undulating changes in the terrain.

Schematic diagram▼

So, how should we divide the space in an open space with or without reference?

Open spaces are relatively independent and lack references, so it is often difficult to arrange them in groups. How to create a reference system independently is the key to planting. You can transplant mature modules based on your own experience. However, landscaping often lacks clues and integrity, and is prone to repetition and confusion.

Schematic diagram▼

By interpreting the design intention, maintaining the unity with the overall design in terms of style and tone, and virtually introducing garden lines to divide and create space, combined with topography and landscape functions, the space divided by beautiful virtual lines can become a good reference system for group matching (if conditions permit, it is best to sketch out the design plan for virtual division on the drawing), which will make it easier to grasp the sense of space scale and landscaping effect. The landscape creation method of virtual divided space can refer to the planting pattern after the space is divided by real garden roads.

Schematic diagram▼

Taking the overall layout into consideration, the spatial position, shape, size and mutual relationship of the group are planned in combination with actual garden paths and virtual garden paths.

❶ Choose arcs reasonably according to the terrain, garden paths, and forest edges, and try to ensure that the lines are smooth and complete. Large terrain is mainly based on large arcs, and small terrain and flower borders are arranged with fragmented or small arcs and variable curves.

❷ Pay attention to the sharp triangles that may appear at the intersection of color blocks. If large or small obtuse angles can be used, try to use large or small obtuse angles.

❸ Choose edging plants that have dense branches and leaves, are short-growing, and are resistant to pruning.

❹ The seedlings should be planted tilted downward along the slope.

❺ The edging ground cover should be planted along the slope with a downward tilt, giving priority to the outer edge lines, with the tilt angle decreasing from the outside to the inside. When planting, the size of the seedlings should be screened, following the principle of planting short in front and high in the back.

❻The arc of the front row ground cover should be smooth, and the soil should not be exposed. It is best to have an evergreen variety with dense leaves, strong germination ability and resistance to pruning.

❶All terrain, non-disconnected terrain commonly used ground cover arcs are 8-shaped, half 8-shaped, C-shaped, butterfly-shaped, plum blossom-shaped. Most of them are suitable for medium and large terrains.

❷Regular rectangular or triangular terrain adopts the starting point disconnection method.Floral patchwork style (suitable for small terrain or flower border creation).

❸ When planting inwards, multiple S-shaped small radius arcs and Ω-shaped are often used, which are suitable for small and medium-sized terrains.

❹ The arcs on small terrain should be exaggerated, with obvious changes and flexible curves. Planting forms with small arc changes are not recommended.

❺Multiple S-shaped small radius arcs are used when the forest edge line is close to the inside.

❻ When narrow and long rectangular terrain is difficult to handle, disconnected arcs and multi-S small radius arcs can be used.

The Ω-shaped forest edge line can increase the depth, thickness and density changes of the landscape, and is an excellent way to divide the forest edge line.

Mosaic color blocks are an important configuration form for commonly used ornamental flowers, colorful foliage plants, ornamental grasses and other excellent ornamental varieties. They can produce a natural, rich, wild, gorgeous and lively landscape effect, and are an important landscaping means and method.

❶ The application of mosaic color blocks is more suitable for miniature or small local landscapes. The landscaping techniques are diverse and not restricted by details, but you must be familiar with the color, texture, shape, main ornamental characteristics and spatial level of the plants.

❷Try to avoid small sharp-angle interfaces between different color blocks, and use large sharp-angle or parallel interfaces more often.

❶ Land preparation: Keep the large surface smooth without obvious potholes and ensure smooth terrain connection.

❷Sanding  : Use medium-coarse river sand, 3 to 5 cm thick, and scrape it flat with a wooden board.

❸  Planting turf: Use the hard paving joint as the baseline to spread outward without leaving any seams. Use scissors to cut the special-shaped joints. Note that the upper reference surface of the turf should be about two centimeters lower than the hard paving, and leave 5 centimeters at the joint with the edging seedlings. After planting, make a groove.

The connection effect between lawn and floor▼

In fact, the functions of plants in private gardens should be diversified. They should not only be used for viewing and entertainment, but also for people to participate in. Participation can make people feel satisfied and fulfilled. Design gardens and gardening facilities, plant aromatic and health-care plants and flowers in your own small garden, and experience the fun of DIY.

There are many shapes of courtyards, such as square, rectangular, wide and flat, or narrow and long. Think about what you want to do in the courtyard, whether you want to stay, sit or just walk around, and then determine the combination of hard paving and greening. The greening part should focus on layers, height matching and color matching. If you plant blindly, it will only look messy. Don't let the courtyard become a "warehouse of flowers and plants".

Plants at the entrance

The gate has an extraordinary significance for garden design. Plant configuration design should give people a sense of stability and security. Common green barriers not only separate the courtyard from other courtyards, but also imply a sense of security for family members. Green barriers realize the spatial restrictions of each family area, so that people can gain relevant territory. The main features of the entrance are outlined by combining a certain number of trees.

When a beginner is arranging a garden, it is not advisable to have too many plant varieties. One or two plants should be used as the main landscape plants, and one or two more should be selected as matching plants. The choice of plants should match the overall style of the garden, with clear layers and simple forms. Evergreen plants are more suitable for northern regions. When dealing with this combination, the subtle differences in the shades of green can be used as a criterion for arranging the positions of plants. The dark green Euphorbia plants serve as a foil for the light green and whitish ferns, and also highlight the leaves of the Hydrangea plants, which are in between the two colors, or darker or lighter.

When planting two or more flowering plants of the same color together, the landscape effect of the combination should be ensured by differences in plant shape and leaf shape. Planting light pink rudbeckia and phlox together creates a strong pink romantic atmosphere. Of course, there is still a big difference in the shape of the flowers of rudbeckia and phlox - a cluster of pink flowers blooms on a stalk of rudbeckia - this difference becomes a highlight of the combination. In addition, differences in leaf shape, leaf size, and pattern of falling are also important bases for arranging such combinations.

And whenever a garden is divided into sections or geometric patterns are created on the ground, tall trees and garden shrubs become very important design factors. Plants along paths The plants along the paths in a garden should give people a sense of peace and comfort when walking. Some paths are simple and plain in design, while others are more carefully designed: the path is surrounded by shrubs or accompanied by flower beds. For some designers, the design of the garden path clearly reflects the owner's temperament. The key to this plant combination is to make full use of differences.

Plants in the garden

Vertical lines are designed to the fullest in the landscape of small spaces such as the side of the garden or the terrace. Moso bamboo is more often used in smaller courtyard spaces, and natural deciduous plants are usually favored because of their handsome and upright trunks. This type of space often uses single plants, and its shape, color, texture, seasonal changes, etc. are fully utilized; clustered and grouped plants add color to the landscape through the combination of shapes, lines, colors, textures and other elements and reasonable scales, plus the matching of different green space background elements (paving, terrain, buildings, small pieces, etc.), which can help people adjust their emotions in their subconscious aesthetic feelings.